Lack of fire rather than pollinator absence may drive population decline in the critically endangered

Context and aim Stands of the critically endangered Banksia conferta in north-eastern New South Wales show low recruitment were examined to elucidate whether pollinator absence or fire history best explained this. Methods Motion-detection cameras deployed at three sites identify potential pollinators, age structure within stands past follicle production assessed through tree measurements counts. Key results In total, 691 fauna-triggered image sequences recorded between June December 2019. Six mammal 10 bird species detected, but only these observed probing inflorescences. White-cheeked Honeyeater Sugar Glider combined comprised 66% all fauna interactions, 400 probes, 45% from Honeyeaters 18% by Gliders. Different size structures B. evident each site, consistent with older younger populations post-fire. Significantly more individuals (5×) present likely governing composition interspecific competition guilds, was also greater here. Conclusions Pollinator is not cause this population, current stand reflect history. The differed their dominant foragers, suggesting that a pollinator-generalist. Birds appear operate as key pollinating during day are replaced small mammals night. Follicle higher post-fire plants. Implications for over 55 years concern, population decline seems without intervention.